the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A Transformer-based agent model of GEOS-Chem v14.2.2 for informative prediction of PM2.5 and O3 levels to future emission scenarios: TGEOS v1.0
Abstract. Efficient and informative air quality modeling in future emission scenarios is vital for effective formulation of emission reduction policies. Traditional chemical transport models (CTMs) struggle with the computational demands required for timely predictions. While advanced response surface models (RSMs) were proposed and offered much faster estimates than CTMs, they fall short in providing comprehensive estimates of future air quality due to their simplistic and inflexible structural frameworks. Additionally, current RSMs often have difficulty simultaneously accounting for varying emission variables and the effects of regional transport, which limits their applicability and undermines prediction accuracy. In this study, an informative future air quality prediction model "TGEOS v1.0" based on the Transformer framework is developed as an efficient GEOS-Chem agent model. TGEOS is able to swiftly and accurately conduct online predictions of probability distributions for PM2.5 and O3 concentrations under future emission scenarios and capture potential extreme pollution events. The model incorporates sectoral emissions of up to 26 distinct species as well as the impacts of regional emissions and meteorology on pollutant concentrations, enhancing its versatility and predictive accuracy. The spatial and probability distributions predicted by TGEOS are in good agreement with GEOS-Chem, with the correlation coefficients for PM2.5 and O3 exceed 0.97 and 0.96, respectively. Notably, TGEOS achieves remarkable computational efficiency, executing one-year predictions in approximately 2.51 seconds. Compared with other machine learning models, TGEOS based on Transformer framework showcases superior performance, underscoring the potential of the Transformer framework in air quality modeling.
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Status: open (until 26 Jul 2025)
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CEC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-2186 - No compliance with the policy of the journal', Juan Antonio Añel, 22 Jun 2025
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Dear authors,
Unfortunately, after checking your manuscript, it has come to our attention that it does not comply with our "Code and Data Policy".
https://www.geoscientific-model-development.net/policies/code_and_data_policy.htmlIn the "Code and Data Availability" statement of your manuscript, you have not included the information on the repositories that contain the data that you use to produce your manuscript, namely the GEOS-Chem output data, the training datasets (multi-scenario datasets) and the data used for the validation of your models.Â
Therefore, the current situation with your manuscript is irregular, as we can not accept manuscripts in Discussions that do not comply with our policy. Please, publish your data in one of the appropriate repositories according to our policy and reply as soon as possible to this comment with a modified 'Code and Data Availability' section for your manuscript, which must include the relevant information (link and handle or DOI) of the new repositories, and which you should include in a potentially reviewed manuscript.
I must note that if you do not fix this problem, we will have to reject your manuscript for publication in our journal.
Juan A. Añel
Geosci. Model Dev. Executive EditorCitation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2186-CEC1 -
AC1: 'Reply on CEC1', Jianbing Jin, 24 Jun 2025
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Dear Editor,Â
We created a new item under link https://zenodo.org/records/15717908 (doi:10.5281/zenodo.15717908) that is open for public. It stores all the training and validation dataset from GEOS-Chem output. We would also update this link in the manuscript in the next round of revision.Â
With this we hope that we have satisfied all requirements.Jianbing Jin
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2186-AC1 -
CEC2: 'Reply on AC1', Juan Antonio Añel, 24 Jun 2025
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Citation: https://doi.org/
10.5194/egusphere-2025-2186-CEC2
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CEC2: 'Reply on AC1', Juan Antonio Añel, 24 Jun 2025
reply
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AC1: 'Reply on CEC1', Jianbing Jin, 24 Jun 2025
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