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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2079
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2079
15 May 2025
 | 15 May 2025
Status: this preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Model Development (GMD).

All-sky AMSU-A radiance data assimilation using the gain-form of Local Ensemble Transform Kalman filter within MPAS-JEDI-2.1.0: implementation, tuning, and evaluation

Tao Sun, Jonathan J. Guerrette, Zhiquan Liu, Junmei Ban, Byoung-Joo Jung, Ivette Hernández Baños, and Chris Snyder

Abstract. The Gain-form of Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LGETKF) has been implemented in the Joint Effort for Data assimilation Integration (JEDI) with the Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) (i.e., MPAS-JEDI). LGETKF applies vertical localization in model space and is particularly convenient for assimilating satellite radiances that do not have an explicit vertical height assigned to each channel. Additional efforts are made to optimize the ensemble analysis procedure and improve the computational efficiency of MPAS-JEDI's LGETKF. This is the first application of JEDI-based LGETKF for assimilating radiance data in all-weather situations with a global MPAS configuration. The system is firstly tuned for covariance inflation and horizontal localization settings. It is found that using a combination of relaxation to prior perturbation (RTPP) and relaxation to prior spread (RTPS) outperforms using RTPP or RTPS alone, and using a smaller horizontal localization scale for all-sky radiances is preferable. With the optimized inflation and localization settings, assimilating all-sky radiances of the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit – A (AMSU-A) window channels with an 80-member LGETKF improved the forecasts of moisture, wind, clouds, and precipitation fields, when compared to the benchmark experiment without assimilation of all-sky AMSU-A radiances. The positive forecast impact of all-sky AMSU-A radiances is the largest over the tropical regions up to 7-day. Some degradation on the temperature forecasts is seen over certain regions, where the model forecast is likely biased, causing deficiencies for assimilating all-sky data. The LGETKF capability is available in the recent public release of MPAS-JEDI and ready for research and operational explorations.

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Tao Sun, Jonathan J. Guerrette, Zhiquan Liu, Junmei Ban, Byoung-Joo Jung, Ivette Hernández Baños, and Chris Snyder

Status: open (until 10 Jul 2025)

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  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-2079', Anonymous Referee #1, 10 Jun 2025 reply
Tao Sun, Jonathan J. Guerrette, Zhiquan Liu, Junmei Ban, Byoung-Joo Jung, Ivette Hernández Baños, and Chris Snyder

Data sets

Global Forecast System analyses National Centers For Environmental Prediction/National Weather Service/NOAA/U.S. Department Of Commerce https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds084.1/

Global Ensemble Forecast System ensemble analyses NOAA https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/weather-climate-models/global-ensemble-forecast

Conventional and satellite observations National Centers For Environmental Prediction/National Weather Service/NOAA/U.S. Department of Commerce https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/d337000

Conventional and satellite observations National Centers For Environmental Prediction/National Weather Service/NOAA/U.S. Department Of Commerce https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/d735000/

ATMS radiance data NOAA https://sounder.gesdisc.eosdis.nasa.gov/opendap

Model code and software

MPAS-JEDI 2.1.0 Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation & National Center for Atmospheric Research https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15201032

Tao Sun, Jonathan J. Guerrette, Zhiquan Liu, Junmei Ban, Byoung-Joo Jung, Ivette Hernández Baños, and Chris Snyder

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Short summary
We evaluated a new ensemble data assimilation system that uses satellite observations in all weather conditions for global weather forecasts. The results show that including cloud- and precipitation-affected satellite data improves forecasts of moisture, wind, and clouds, especially in the tropics. This work highlights the potential of this new ensemble data assimilation system to enhance global weather forecasts.
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